to develop the assessment of a person's acquired competences to allow them to obtain a qualification;
to develop the assessment of general competences acquired by a person;
to develop a system for the recognition of foreign qualifications;
to monitor the assessment of a person’s acquired competences.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
In 2016, to address the problem that non-formal training for unemployed adults organised by the public employment service (the Lithuanian labour exchange) did not lead to formal qualifications, the Ministry of Labour and the Ministry of Education, Science and Sport agreed to enable validation and recognition of learning outcomes gained through such courses. That year, the employment service also began working on using modern methods of testing (ProfileXT) and tests in native languages to...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Given the results of the analysis, the overall objective of recent policy developments are:
to provide alignment between skills demand and supply;
to strengthen skills supply either in the education and training system, improving school-work transitions, or in the labour market, improving continuous training of the workforce, with a view to preventing exclusion from the labour market;
to implement investments in innovative assets for the skills supply chain, such as ‛digitalisation‛;
...
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
A national strategy for competences/skills has been launched based on the education and training (Good school) and labour (Jobs Act) reforms. Both reforms aim to improve the competences of young people and adults, including NEETs, and to provide new competences for the (long-term) unemployed and employees. The strategy also links skills with the labour market demand. As a result of the National strategy for competences/skills, cognitive (including basic skills), professional and particularly...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The SPAs define how ETBs contribute to achieving national performance targets for FET success in ‘generating outcomes of employment, progression, active inclusion, lifelong learning, meeting critical skills needs, and new models of delivery’ (National FET Strategy 2020-24).
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Each SPA set out plans for the development and innovation of the VET system and include each ETB's contribution to the national FET system targets agreed with the Department of Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science (DFHERIS). Measures and targets can vary by ETB, and take into account their regional characteristics, such as educational attainment, unemployment rates, enterprise base. Every year, the SPAs are reviewed and necessary amendments are agreed.
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Department of Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science (DFHERIS)
Further Education and Training Authority (SOLAS)
City of Dublin Education and Training Board (CDETB)
Cork Education and Training Board (CETB)
Donegal Education and Training Board (DETB)
Cavan Monaghan Education and Training Board (CMETB)
Dublin Dun Laoghaire Education and Training Board (DDLETB)
Galway Roscommon Education and Training Board (GRETB)
Kerry Education and Training Board (KETB)
Kildare Wicklow Education and Training Board (KWETB)
Kilkenny Carlow Education and Training Board (KCETB)
Laois Offaly Education and Training Board (LOETB)
Limerick Clare Education and Training Board (LCETB)
Longford Westmeath Education and Training Board (LWETB)
Louth Meath Education and Training Board (LMETB)
Mayo Sligo and Leitrim Education and Training Board (MSLETB)
Tipperary Education and Training Board (TETB)
Waterford Wexford Education and Training Board (WWETB)
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The 2025 National skills strategy is targeted at ensuring relevance of education and training to the needs of learners, society and the economy. It is based on active involvement of employers and quality teaching and learning, with a perspective of lifelong learning and inclusion. The strategy points to the need for employers - especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs) - to provide work placement opportunities for learners.
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Department of Education and Skills (until 2020)
Department of Education
Department of Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science (DFHERIS)
To increase the number of apprenticeship and traineeship programmes and learners as a core contributor to Ireland's growth as a society and economy.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The Action plan to expand apprenticeship and traineeship 2016-20 in Ireland focuses on the actions required to achieve some of the goals set out in the National skills strategy 2025, the current programme for government in which Ireland aims to significantly grow work-based learning using the apprenticeship and traineeship modes of learning and skills development, and the education action plan. The actions outlined in these plans are funded through a variety of sources, depending on the...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Department of Education and Skills (until 2020)
Further Education and Training Authority (SOLAS)
Department of Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science (DFHERIS)
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Since 2015, the National Office of Vocational Education and Training and Adult Learning has been responsible for the development and operation of the national careers guidance system. A careers orientation working group was set up in 2015 to survey and coordinate careers orientation in VET centres and to develop methodological guidelines. Based on its work, a nationwide careers orientation event was organised in 2016 (Night of the Professions) and since then it has been held annually....
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
National Office for Vocational Education and Training and Adult Learning (NOVETAL)
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The HQF was referenced to the EQF in 2015 but self-certification against the qualifications framework for the European higher education area (EHEA) remains a challenge.
In 2017, a ministerial decision on a quality framework for VET curricula was adopted. The content of the decision included the definition of learning outcomes, the connection with occupational profiles and issues regarding the design of VET curricula.
Moreover, as a consequence of Law 4485/2017 (Official Gazette...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
National Organisation for Certification of Qualifications and Vocational Guidance (EOPPEP)
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The legal framework for a skills needs forecasting system was established in 2016. EIEAD was given the mandate to coordinate the development of the Mechanism of labour market diagnosis. A coordination committee was put in place, consisting of representatives from the ministries of labour, education and economy, EOPPEP, the regions, OAED and social partners. The Mechanism was established in 2016. In 2017, its methodological framework (data collection and processing, procedures for mapping...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
National Institute of Labour and Human Resources (EIEAD)
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The framework sets out 10 strategic intervention areas which, in turn, contain certain implementation measures. These 10 areas are to:
improve VET governance and adopt a mechanism that follows up implementation;
make visible the social role of VET and enhance VET's contribution to society;
improve and expand apprenticeship;
improve VET and its connection to the labour market;
improve quality in VET;
improve VET's efficiency;
enhance permeability and mobility;
improve VET's...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of Education and Religious Affairs
Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs
National Organisation for Certification of Qualifications and Vocational Guidance (EOPPEP)
The objective of the investment plan is to support access to employment for two million people, mainly those socially excluded, and prepare them for the challenges of the future.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The French government announced a EUR 57 billion five-year investment plan (Grand plan d'investissement), of which 15 billion is dedicated to 'building a skills society'. The training activities to be funded will be oriented particularly towards supporting the employability of the low-skilled unemployed and that of young people, including dropouts, and promoting innovative approaches to the training of teaching staff. The plans involve the Regions, through State-Region agreements.
A strand...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of Labour, Employment and Professional Integration (until 2022)
Regional councils for employment, training and vocational guidance
Reducing school dropout is a priority. A right to delayed training aims to give young dropouts a chance to return to initial education and training under scholar or trainee status.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Any student who, at the end of compulsory schooling, has not attained a level of training recognised by a national diploma or a professional qualification registered and classified at or above level 3 of the national register of professional qualifications (RNCP) must be able to pursue studies to acquire a qualification. The State provides the means necessary, as part of its responsibilities, for the resulting continued schooling. Any young person leaving the education system without a...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of National Education and Youth
Ministry of Labour, Full Employment and Inclusion
Ministry of National Education, Youth and Sports (from 2020 till 2022)
Ministry of Labour, Employment and Professional Integration (until 2022)
The aim of the initiatives is to ensure the success of young people seeking apprenticeship training.
The 2015 Success in apprenticeship initiative supports apprenticeship programmes for young people from prioritised disadvantaged urban areas underrepresented among apprentices. The Prépa apprentissageprogramme, established by the 2018 law, aims to meet the needs of young people wishing to move into apprenticeship training and needing support to prepare and strengthen their basic skills to...
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The 2015 Success in apprenticeship initiative has put in place 142 projects in 20 regions, most involving the local youth employment and social integration centres (Missions locales) in partnership with apprentice training centres (Centre de formation d'apprentis, CFA). Programmes last 12 months and include guidance. The 2018 Law for the freedom to choose one's professional future sets up a mechanism to support those target group members who wish to enter an apprenticeship with a view to...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of National Education and Youth
Ministry of Labour, Full Employment and Inclusion
Delegate Minister for VET under the education and labour ministers
Ministry of Labour, Employment and Professional Integration (until 2022)
Ministry of National Education, Youth and Sports (from 2020 till 2022)
The aim is to support NEETS and low-qualified young people in access to training and to acquire a qualification at EQF levels 3 and 4 and contribute to equality of opportunity.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Within the framework of 2016 partnership agreement between the State and the regions to support employment and social inclusion, a strategy was set out to extend the range of qualifications that can be gained through apprenticeship. The aim is to support NEETS and low-qualified young people in access to training and acquire a qualification at EQF levels 3 and 4. At least 11 sectors have expressed interest in the approach, including the construction, temporary work, metalwork, plastics and...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of National Education and Youth
Ministry of Labour, Full Employment and Inclusion
Ministry of Labour, Employment and Professional Integration (until 2022)
Ministry of National Education, Youth and Sports (from 2020 till 2022)
Modernising IVET aims at making school-based VET more effective (securing ability to self-direct lifelong learning and employability), more attractive (addressing challenges of the 21st century such as digital technology and energy transition), and more open to Europe and the world (through stronger partnerships with institutions in other countries).
The new phase in the transformation of the school-based vocational system is designed to meet two major objectives:
faster transformation...
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The transformation of the vocational high school, which began in 2018, aims to improve the link between apprenticeship and the academic path. It is a systemic transformation (covering content and pedagogy, organisation of pathways, evolution of the training offer) in order to make vocational education more effective and more attractive; it aims to involve VET further in preparing learners for promising future jobs, especially in digital technology and the energy transition. Measures include:
...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of National Education and Youth
Delegate Minister for VET under the education and labour ministers
Ministry of National Education, Youth and Sports (from 2020 till 2022)
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Subsidised training for employment supports the acquisition of key competences, especially for those who left school without a secondary education certificate, so they can access professional certificate programmes at levels 2 and 3. In 2015 and 2016, the State Public Employment Service (Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal, SEPE) published calls for proposals which also offered key competences for adults and young people (within and outside the Youth guarantee programme), and early leavers...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
create a top-quality framework for employment and dignified work;
be the main actors of their own qualification and labour market insertion process;
increase their qualifications and employability by acquiring more professional skills;
be part of a new economic model based on social sustainability, productivity and added value;
provide adequate and individualised assistance from the public employment services;
avoid horizontal segregation and the...
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The Reincorpora-T plan 2019-2021, approved in April, aimed at the long-term unemployed, is one of the measures implemented to contribute to the development of a new, more inclusive production model and is committed to intelligent, sustainable and inclusive growth as set out in the Europe 2020 Strategy. It considers and recognises, through active employment policies, the labour potential of the active population that is related to situations of long-term unemployment or precarious employment.
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of Labour and Social Economy
State Public Employment Service (SEPE)
Autonomous Public Employment Services
Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
In the education system, the process towards an integrated vocational guidance system was initiated in 2018. A working group was set within the General Council for Vocational Training, with the aim of laying down basic principles and legal provisions. In guidance under employment authorities, the Action plan for youth employment (2019-21) foresees the hiring of 3 000 professional counsellors by the regional PES to provide guidance services in connection to the common services portfolio. The...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The Strategic plan for vocational training aims to make VET more responsive to the needs of the productive system, meeting skills demands in a quick and prospective way.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The new government, in power since June 2018, reorganised the administration. The change of name in the education administration state, now the Education and Vocational Training ministry (previously Education, Culture and Sports), reflects the new strategy to promote VET. In October 2018, the Government presented the Strategic plan for vocational training under education authorities. In February 2019, the Council of Ministers published the Agenda for change (Agenda del Cambio). The agenda...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The 2017-20 Spanish employment activation strategy includes projects and measures to rationalise the unemployment protection system, to develop a set of tools, infrastructures and information systems necessary for the modernisation of the national employment system, and to enhance its efficiency and effectiveness. These include measures aimed at strengthening and developing management and evaluation systems, and particularly at improving the management system and support for the Youth...
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Employment authorities have reflected the policy priority given to dual VET and apprenticeships, including them as structural objectives in the 2017-20 Spanish employment activation strategy approved in December 2017. The strategy takes into account recommendations made to Spain both within the framework of the National reform programme and by the European Network of Public Employment Services (SPE-UE Network). The strategy covers dual and alternance training, regarded as key elements for...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The objective of the programme is to alleviate labour shortages, prevent unemployment and shorten the duration of unemployment, with a special focus on the long-term unemployed or other vulnerable groups.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The Employment programme includes a package of measures for workers at risk of unemployment. The main target groups are:
workers with no professional or vocational education;
those whose skills are outdated;
workers whose knowledge of Estonian is poor;
those who are older than 50 years of age;
workers who cannot continue their present work due to health issues.
The VET and training-related measures include:
a study allowance scheme to support participation in VET and higher...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The overall goal of the plan was to establish a coherent and creative society by providing young people with ample opportunities for self-development and self-realisation. For this, youth policies must be more efficient and young people must have more choices to discover their own creative and developmental potential. They must have a lower risk of exclusion and they must be able to participate in decision-making.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
In the Youth programme, measures and activities to achieve the overall goal of providing young people with ample opportunities for self-development and self-realisation are stipulated. For example, the programme offers services to (re)integrate young people not in employment, education or training (NEETs) into education, and to improve their employability. For this, youth workers locate NEETs (for example, through networking), motivate them, and provide them with individualised support.
...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
To offer career counselling and information to the whole population on a unified basis to assist people in finding appropriate educational and work opportunities, making and carrying out choices.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
In April 2018 the government decided to connect the career services of Innove Rajaleidja centres with the career service system of Eesti Töötukassa (the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund). The objective is to offer career counselling and information to the whole population on a unified basis. Since January 2019, Eesti Töötukassa has thus been providing career advice and career information services for everyone, including schoolchildren. The Ministry of Education and Research is still...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The aim is to ease the transition of learners from compulsory education to VET and/or to the labour market.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The orientation year aims at easing the transition from compulsory education to VET and/or to the labour market. It is a preparatory study programme for young people who lack the skills or readiness to choose a profession.
Vocational orientation is targeted mainly at pupils with difficulties in deciding their field of studies, learners with SEN, learners who have dropped out from VET or upper secondary general education, NEETs, learners with a migrant background, or those lacking the basic...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The objective of promotional activities is to improve the image of VET, to provide up-to-date and accessible information on vocational training opportunities and to increase the awareness of general education students about these opportunities, so that more basic school graduates choose VET for their further studies.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The Labour market and education cooperation programme includes measures for raising the attractiveness of VET by providing information about VET opportunities, including apprenticeships, awareness raising activities such as media campaigns and national skills competitions and participation in WorldSkills, regional and local career fairs.
For 2015-18, EUR 2.14 million was allocated from the EU (ESIF) and the State budget to improve the image of VET.
In 2016-17, communication and marketing...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The facilitation of access to VET for university dropouts aims to bring together university dropouts and companies providing training places, especially SMEs to set up a central online information platform and counselling services at the main higher education institutions.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) has been supporting countrywide pilots to ease access to VET for university dropouts to address predicted shortages of skilled workers. The funding volume of support has amounted to EUR 16 million for 2014-20. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) received support in hiring more young people from the target group.
The initiative focusses on:
bringing together university dropouts and companies that provide training places,...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The objectives of the Alliance for initial and further training are:
reducing the number of young people without school leaving certificate;
providing each person with a path leading to a VET qualification;
reducing the mismatch between applicants seeking apprenticeship places and companies offering them, and supporting the regional mobility of applicants;
strengthening further training, particularly advanced VET at tertiary level;
increasing the number of apprenticeship places and...
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The 2015-18 Alliance for initial and further training was agreed between the Federal Government, Federal States, business and industry, the unions and the Federal Employment Agency at the end of 2014.
Within the alliance, sectors committed to providing 20 000 places annually for introductory training (transition programme), which has been implemented: 17 500 young people took up this type of training in 2015 and 21 000 in 2018. Evaluations showed that around 70% of young people moved into...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) (until December 2021)
Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (BMAS)
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Federal Government Commissioner for Migration, Refugees and Integration
German Trade Union Confederation (DGB)
Association of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce (DIHK)
Confederation of German Employers' Associations (BDA)
Federation of German Industries (BDI)
German Confederation of Skilled Crafts (ZDH)
Federal association of liberal professions (BFB)
Federal Employment Agency (BA)
Federal States
Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK)
In view of the diversity of potential issues arising at the transition from school to work, it is all the more important that the various service providers (e.g. youth social work; VET guidance) coordinate their services with each other and provide joint support to the individual young person. This can prevent young people from being overwhelmed in dealing with the separate services or even getting lost on the way from one contact person to another. The two following initiatives are based on...
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
To provide young people with the best possible one-stop support in the transition from school to work, local alliances known as youth employment agencies (JBA) have been established in many places since 2011 (first in Hamburg but ten years later widespread in Germany with more than 350 agencies). This is where the various players responsible for vocational guidance and social support coordinate their efforts at the regional and local level. The alliances that have been established vary...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (BMAS)
Federal Ministry of Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth (BMFSFJ)
Federal Employment Agency (BA)
Association of German Cities (Deutscher Städtetag)
German County Association (Deutscher Landkreistag, DLT)
Cooperation association for youth social work
Welfare umbrella organisation
Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB)
The final goal of standard support instruments (Social Code, SGB III) in the transition from school to work and of the the policy programme Educational chains is the completion of a qualification by all young people by supporting them in the following fields:
obtaining a general school leaving certificate;
making the transition from school to training;
completing a full VET qualification successfully.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Nationwide standard support measures anchored in the Social Code (e.g. SGB III) cover the transition from school to work, for example with various forms of vocational preparation and continuous support during training. The main measures are: vocational orientation, training entry and placement support, introductory training (internship placement), vocational preparatory measures, assistance during training and vocational training grant.
In 2016, measures within the Educational chains...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Federal States
Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB)
Federal Employment Agency (BA)
Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (BMAS)
Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK)
Securing the future skilled workforce by promoting VET.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Given the increasing trend towards academic education, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs (BMWi) have set up a joint campaign to present dual VET (apprenticeship) as an attractive option. The campaign, You + your apprenticeship - Practically unbeatable! addresses more specific target groups. Its allocated budget is EUR 6 million per year. A motivational message is broadcast through various media channels such as cinema, press,...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK)
Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) (until December 2021)
Chambers of industry and commerce (IHKs)
German Confederation of Skilled Crafts (ZDH)
Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB)
With the Pact for VET, BMBF is bringing together its diverse activities and initiatives for the development of a modern, attractive and dynamic VET to form an overall strategy, which increases visibility and esteem of VET pathways in public opinion.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The Pact for VET (Der Berufsbildungspakt) includes the following measures, partly addressing work-based learning:
modernising the framework conditions of VET, particularly in view of digitalisation;
improving permeability and transparency through provision of vocational guidance, designating equivalent qualifications and improved progression opportunities;
modernising infrastructure in VET schools and training centres, particularly in view of digitalisation;
continuing professional...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The mission of this programme was to support young people who are not in employment, education or training (NEETs) aged 15 to 29 and wanted to undertake entrepreneurship initiatives. The programme promoted the development of business culture among young people in Cyprus. Through this supporting mechanism, young people with limited knowledge and networks were given the opportunity to discover their business potential, develop viable businesses and create decent working conditions for...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
To train or retrain unemployed people of all ages in a range of technical vocations, aiming towards improving their employability.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Since 24 April 2018, fast-track initial vocational training programmes for the unemployed in technical professions are in place by the Cyprus Productivity Centre (CPC). Candidates undergo an assessment of their technical skills and a personal interview. Participation is free of charge. The activity is in full-scale implementation stage. However, a major issue is the lack of funding for establishing any sort of training allowance for the participants of the programmes. As a result, the demand...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The education ministry is coordinating the implementation of the project 'Establishing a mechanism for the validation of non-formal and informal learning'. The project is jointly funded by the European Social Fund (ESF) and the Republic of Cyprus. This project has supported a mapping study of the current situation in Cyprus on the validation of non-formal and informal learning. Based on this mapping study, an overall National action plan for the creation of mechanisms for the validation of...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of Education, Sport and Youth (MESY)
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport and Youth (MoECSY) (until 2022)
Ministry of Education and Culture (MoEC) (until 2019)
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
From October 2016 to September 2018, the Erasmus+ project Apprenticeship helpdesk for small and medium sized enterprises in Cyprus (and Poland) aimed to build the capacity of key intermediary bodies to support those SMEs (small- and medium-sized enterprises) offering training places for apprentices. The need for this project derived from past experience, when the lack of support structures for enterprises deterred SMEs from offering apprenticeships. The main project goals were to:
set up...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport and Youth (MoECSY) (until 2022)
Cyprus Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Ministry of Education and Culture (MoEC) (until 2019)
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Based on the 2015-20 strategic plan for technical and vocational education and training, a proposal for upgrading the apprenticeship system, in cooperation with the apprenticeship board, was approved in August 2015. The reform affects both the preparatory and core programmes;
at preparatory apprenticeship level: to respond to the needs of students from different academic backgrounds, two different classes (A and B) are offered. Assessment criteria have been developed for students wishing...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport and Youth (MoECSY) (until 2022)
Ministry of Education and Culture (MoEC) (until 2019)
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Following the 2015-20 VET development strategy adopted in October 2014 (and the updated VET strategy in Bulgaria for the period 2019-21), the VET Act was amended, introducing the legislative basis for validation of prior learning in VET. Validation, using the State education standards (SES), can be carried out by VET providers for professions included in the national list of VET professions (LPVET), and could lead to qualifications at EQF levels 2 to 5. The procedures for partial validation...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
National Agency for Vocational Education and Training (NAVET)
To support national labour market policy by providing analysis and data on the skills needed in five sectors of the economy.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
In 2016, the Bulgarian Industrial Association (BIA) started the project Development of national competences assessment system - MyCompetence. The project is funded by the Operational programme Human resource development 2014-20, with the financial support of the European Social Fund (ESF). For the period from December 2017 to October 2019, BIA committed to extending the capacity and scope of the MyCompetence initiative and the supporting infrastructure. More specifically:
the sector...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Strengthen the language skills of jobseekers to improve the employment rate, especially for low-skilled people.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Bruxelles Formation (BF), the French-speaking public service in charge of vocational training in the Brussels Region, has a training centre dedicated to language learning: BF langues.
BF langues provides training in French as a foreign language, Dutch and English for employment purposes at its training centre and at the vocational training centres run by Bruxelles Formation and its partners.
The teaching approach is skills-based, occupationally targeted and interactive and the methodology...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Bruxelles Formation (Brussels Institute for Vocational Training)
In-company training (Formation professionnelle individuelle en entreprise, FPIE) allows jobseekers who are registered with an employment organisation to acquire skills in the relevant professional field and so aids their employment afterwards.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
As the development of in-company training is a priority for Bruxelles Formation, the Company Relations Department has developed a specific action plan in 2018, which can be summarised as follows:
Administrative simplification
development of an online tool allowing all employers to publish their internship offers and for other measures/partners (Actiris and others).
Development of synergies and partnerships
a communication strategy for the various partners (including the...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Bruxelles Formation (Brussels Institute for Vocational Training)
Orientation and guidance measures aim at supporting the public in defining their professional career and the related requirements by emphasising the discovery of trades and establishing contact with professionals from several sectors. They also aim to be centres of excellence in guidance, teaching, training and discovery of the sciences and professions of the future.
More precisely, Cités des métiers aim to be centres of excellence in guidance, teaching, training and discovery of the...
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Several centres of excellence in guidance, teaching, training and discovery of science were set up in Belgium, namely one Cité des métiers centre was set up in Namur in June 2016 and another one in Brussels in 2018. Founded in May 2019 by the Government of the Walloon Region, the University of Liège and Le Forem, the non-profit organisation named Centrale des Métiers de Liège is responsible for the Cité des Métiers project in the city of Liège.
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Public Service of Wallonia (SPW) for Economy, Employment, Research - Department of Employment and Vocational Training
This pact aims to create sustainable and quality jobs in order to contribute fully to economic growth.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
Trade unions, employers and the Walloon government signed the first Pact for employment and training in 2016. The pact focused on six areas:
reorganisation of employment aids;
creation of training places for dual VET learners;
reinforcing lifelong guidance;
creation of integration contracts for young people;
financial incentives for adult CVET;
supporting social dialogue in Wallonia.
The Employment and training pact was discontinued at the end of 2017 due to the change of government....
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Ministry of Employment and Vocational Training in the Walloon Region
The 2020 Training plan ultimately aims to increase the employment rate of Brussels residents through sustainable integration into quality jobs, by:
improving their skills and certification levels;
securing the right to qualification throughout life.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The Government of the Brussels Region adopted the 2020 Training plan in December 2016. The plan is an integral part of the major projects of the 2025 strategy for Brussels (Go4Brussels). It is also de facto part of the Belgian contribution to the objectives of the EU2020 Strategy and European cohesion policy. The plan includes the following measures:
organising coherent and adapted paths towards employment, promoting links between training and / or studies;
developing and reorienting...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Bruxelles Formation (Brussels Institute for Vocational Training)
Training Service for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SFPME)
Facilitating access to employment through a close-to-reality learning experience in a highly realistic training environment.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
In 2015, the CVET centre in Sankt Vith introduced the virtual enterprise Vithalit as a new learning scheme to allow a close-to-reality learning experience in a highly realistic training environment. From merchandise traffic to business relations, all procedures mirror commercial practice. The programme promotes integrated learning and aims at facilitating (re-)entry into employment. Since the launch of the programme, the trainees participated in various national and international fairs for...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The ADG aims to improve their support to jobseekers, through the provision of a comprehensive support to job seekers in the context of reform projects 'One stop placement (Vermittlung aus einer Hand)' and internal modernisation. The different processes are to interlock more effectively and thus ensure a more efficient service and outcome.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The ADG and the Institute for Vocational Training in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (IAWM) exchange information on apprenticeships. Since mid-2016, ADG advisors have had access to weekly updated information on available apprenticeships, which enables them to plan measures to integrate jobseekers into the labour market.
As part of supported employment, jobseekers can begin in-company vocational training. This is one of the existing labour market policy measures. The main difference from...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
German-speaking Community Public employment service (ADG)
To increase the attractiveness of apprenticeship, especially for professions which struggle to find enough candidates, by providing incentives addressing mainly young learners, NEETs and migrants
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
To increase the attractiveness of apprenticeship, various measures have been taken in the German-speaking Community since 2015:
an online apprenticeship exchange platform was set up to help learners find apprenticeship places;
one-day tasters in companies were offered to pupils from secondary general education in the academic year 2016/17, to familiarise them with various IVET and apprenticeship programmes in different sectors (such as bank, health, transport and logistics). Different...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
The aim of the measure is to provide a higher qualification for young people who have already achieved maximum compulsory school qualifications, thereby giving them better job market prospects and at the same time countering the impending shortage of skilled workers.
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
In October 2016, the federal government extended the training guarantee up to the age of 25. This is a special Public Employment Service (AMS) scheme that guarantees young unemployed people aged 19 to 25, who have only completed compulsory education, the right to acquire VET qualifications by attending AMS programmes. To that end, AMS already uses tried-and-tested instruments and funding approaches to offer this target group the possibility of apprenticeship training in companies, alternance...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Austrian Public Employment Service (AMS)
Federal Ministry of Labour, Family and Youth (BMAFJ) (until 2020)
To reduce the number of early school leavers and young people not in education, employment or training (NEETs).
Description
What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.
The legislation introducing a training obligation until the age of 18 was approved by parliament in 2016 and came into force in the summer of 2017. Since July 2017, young people who would otherwise not continue education and training beyond compulsory schooling (age 15) or discontinue a programme they have taken up, will have to undertake some form of training until they have passed the age of 18. Those who do not get a place in a school or in a company to do an apprenticeship must either:
...
Bodies responsible
This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
Federal Ministry of Labour, Family and Youth (BMAFJ) (until 2020)
Federal Ministry of Digital and Economic Affairs (BMDW) (until 2022)
Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (BMBWF)
Federal Ministry of Labour (BMA) (until 2022)
Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection